Vitamins in cosmetic products
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Vitamins are differently structured organic compounds. Already minimal amounts are of vital importance since the human body is not able to synthesize vitamins at all or only in insufficient amounts. Essential fatty acids, formerly also called vitamin F, and essential amino acids do not pertain to the vitamins. Originally it was assumed that vitamins consist of amines – that is the reason for the second word component “amin”. However, this is no longer applicable for the vitamins known to the present day.
The vitamin needs of humans and animals vary considerably, even the different species have different needs and some of them also can synthesize vitamin C. The lower the evolutionary stage of an organism the more developed is the ability to synthesize vitamins. That is the reason why vegetable food can fully cover the human vitamin needs.
Vitamin’s that present in cosmetics:
Vitamin A:
This contains large class of compounds called retinoids. It’s precursor is called beta-carotene and is found in cosmetics as retinol, retinyl esters, retinoic acid, retinyl palmitate, acitretin and adapalene.
It has a variety of effects in the body such as decreasing inflammation, helping the immune system and regulating growth of epidermal cells. It has been shown to reverse photoaging and reduce the appearance of wrinkles. It also works as a treatment for acne and may have skin lightening effects.
Vitamin B:
Vitamin B include Panthenol (vitamin B5), Niacin and Biotin. Vitamin B is a coenzyme of vitamin A and helps in cell metabolism.
Panthenol functions as a humectant so it can provide some moisturizing effect in skin products. It also works as a humectant for hair and there is some evidence that it can have a thickening/strengthening effect on hair. Niacin is used because it is believed to have anti-aging effects like wrinkle reduction and skin elasticity improvements on skin. Biotin is used to treat brittle nails.
Vitamin C:
Vitamin c is a potent antioxidant which neutralizes damaging free radicals. Commonly used versions of this compound are ascorbyl palmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and trisodium ascorbyl phosphate.
This ingredient is claimed to work to reverse UV damage, skin aging, treat acne and have skin lightening effects.
Vitamin D:
Vitamin D is a steroid-derived hormone that impacts the calcium levels in the body. It also is produced in the skin upon exposure to UV light.
Vitamin D may be a useful addition to a sunscreen product and it is useful in the treatment of psoriasis.
Vitamin E:
Vitamin E is a naturally occurring antioxidant which is why it is frequently added to cosmetics and skin care products.
It is considered to be a protector ingredient since it is a major free-radical scavenger. Free radicals are very damaging to the skin tissue. Topical application of vitamin E is said to result in skin smoothening, moisturizing, prevention of pre-mature skin-aging, and suppression of UV-induced erythema.
Vitamin F:
Vitamin F contains fatty acids which include ingredients like linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic acids. Not vitamins per se but since they are fatty acids that your body doesn’t create, they have gotten the moniker Vitamin F.
These ingredients are essential for the maintenance of the skin barrier function.
Vitamin K:
Vitamin K is a fat soluble vitamin that is synthesized by the bacteria in the gut. It is important for blood clotting.
Vitamin K can be beneficial reducing the appearance of under eye circles and spider veins.
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